Precompiled Contracts

Introduction

On top of having a set of opcodes to choose from, the EVM also offers a set of more advanced functionalities through precompiled contracts. These are a special kind of contracts that are bundled with the EVM at fixed addresses, and can be called with a determined gas cost. The addresses start from 1, and increment for each contract. New hardforks may introduce new precompiled contracts. They are called from the opcodes like regular contracts, with instructions like CALL. The gas cost mentioned here is purely the cost of the contract, and does not consider the cost of the call itself nor the instructions to put the parameters in memory. The precompiled contracts are also available in the playground.

For all precompiled contracts, if the input is shorter than expected, it is assumed to be virtually padded with zeros at the end. If the input is longer than expected, surplus bytes at the end are ignored.

After the hardfork Berlin, all the precompiled contracts addresses are always considered warm. See section access sets.

Precompiled Contractsshanghai

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Address	Name	Minimum Gas	Input	Output	Description
0x01	ecRecover	3000	hash v r s	publicAddress	Elliptic curve digital signature algorithm (ECDSA) public key recovery function
0x02	SHA2-256	60	data	hash	Hash function
0x03	RIPEMD-160	600	data	hash	Hash function
0x04	identity	15	data	data	Returns the input
0x05	modexp	200	Bsize Esize Msize B E M	value	Arbitrary-precision exponentiation under modulo
0x06	ecAdd	150	x1 y1 x2 y2	x y	Point addition (ADD) on the elliptic curve 'alt_bn128'
0x07	ecMul	6000	x1 y1 s	x y	Scalar multiplication (MUL) on the elliptic curve 'alt_bn128'
0x08	ecPairing	45000	x1 y1 x2 y2 ... xk yk	success	Bilinear function on groups on the elliptic curve 'alt_bn128'
0x09	blake2f	0	rounds h m t f	h	Compression function F used in the BLAKE2 cryptographic hashing algorithm

Precompiled Contracts

Introduction

Precompiled Contractsshanghai

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